Filippo Caruso
Matthias Mueller
Stefano Gherardini

Ultracold atoms trapped in optical lattices can be the material base for two kind of calculator: quantum computers and quantum simulators. In the first case, today's challenge concerns the ability to implement qubits, the basic elements of quantum information, on spin and/or electronic states of cold atoms and to manipulate them one by one to perform calculations. In the second case, cold atoms in a optical lattices can show an electron-like behavior and allow an indirect study of conduction phenomena in condensed matter physics, such as superconductivity, Anderson localization, graphene properties and much more, thanks to the ability to draw very specific configurations of the lattices.